Ankle sprains

are very common

Fortunately, most do not require surgery. However, it is often beneficial to see a qualified healthcare practitioner for a treatment plan that is right for you.


What is an ankle sprain?

An ankle sprain happens when the ligaments (tissue that connects bone to bone) that support your ankle are stretched or torn after the ankle twists or rolls in an awkward way. The most commonly injured ligaments are the ones on the outside of the ankle. In more severe injuries, the ligaments above the ankle joint (called the syndesmosis or “high ankle” ligaments) can also be involved.¹˒²

When these ligaments are injured, the ankle may feel painful, swollen, and weak. It may also be hard to put weight on it,with some people feeling like their ankle is “giving out.” Injuries can range from mild stretching to complete tears, and more serious sprains often take longer to heal, sometimes requiring surgery.¹˒³


Chronic ankle instability

Why do I keep rolling my ankle?

After one ankle sprain, the ligaments and surrounding tissues may not fully regain their original strength. If sprains happen again, this may lead to chronic ankle instability, a condition where the ankle repeatedly feels unstable or “rolls,” especially during walking or running on uneven ground.⁴

Over time, repeated instability may also stress nearby cartilage and soft tissues. This may increase the risk of ongoing pain, swelling, and longer-term joint wear if the issue is not addressed.⁴˒⁵

High ankle sprain

What is a high ankle sprain?

A high ankle sprain involves injury to the syndesmosis, which is the group of ligaments that connects the two lower leg bones (the tibia and fibula) just above the ankle. These injuries are different from the more common “outside ankle sprains” and usually happen from a twisting injury.⁶

Because these ligaments help keep the ankle stable during walking and weight-bearing, injuries here may cause more pain with movement and may take longer to heal compared to standard ankle sprains.⁶˒⁷

Find a surgeon in your region to help you find the right solution for you.



References:
  1. Hertel J. Functional anatomy, pathomechanics, and pathophysiology of lateral ankle instability. J Athl Train. 2002;37(4):364-375.
  2. Ferran NA, Maffulli N. Epidemiology of sprains of the ankle joint. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 2006;14(3):171-177.
  3. Waterman BR, Owens BD, Davey S, Zacchilli MA, Belmont PJ Jr. The epidemiology of ankle sprains in the United States. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010;92(13):2279-2284.
  4. Hertel J. Functional instability following lateral ankle sprain. Sports Med. 2000;29(5):361-371.
  5. Gribble PA, Bleakley CM, Caulfield BM, et al. Evidence review for the treatment of chronic ankle instability. J Athl Train. 2016;51(10):905-916.
  6. Clanton TO, Williams BT, Cignetti C, et al. Syndesmotic ankle sprains in athletes. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2017;25(10):723-730.
  7. Boytim MJ, Fischer DA, Neumann L. Syndesmotic ankle sprains. Am J Sports Med. 1991;19(3):294-298.

Important information about ankle sprains

Ankle sprain surgery is intended for people with severe ligament tears, chronic ankle instability, or high ankle sprains that do not heal with rest and physical therapy. There are a variety of methods and medical products (like those mentioned below) that can be used to treat an ankle sprain, based on a determination jointly made by a patient and a healthcare professional, in consideration of a patient’s unique clinical factors.  Only a healthcare professional can help a patient determine if surgery is appropriate for them and what products may be appropriate to treat that patient’s individual condition.

FlexBand, FlexBand Plus and FlexPatch Dynamic Matrix are intended for use in ankle surgery to reinforce soft tissue where weakness exists.  These products provide a degradable scaffold that is incorporated into a patient’s own tissue.  FlexBand, FlexBand Plus and FlexPatch Dynamic Matrix are not intended to replace normal body structure or provide the full mechanical strength to support tendons and ligaments.

FlexBand, FlexBand Plus and FlexPatch Dynamic Matrix  are not appropriate for patients with infections, decreased vascularity (reduced blood flow), pathologic soft tissue conditions that would prevent secure fixation (disease or disorder of the soft tissues of the body that may prevent the device from being appropriately anchored to the body), other medical or surgical conditions which would preclude the potential benefit of surgery, bone stock compromised by disease (bones weakened by disease), infection or prior implantation that cannot provide adequate support and/or fixation of the devices (infection or prior surgery with an implant that may prevent the device from being appropriately anchored to the body), or sensitivity to the device materials. FlexBand, FlexBand Plus and FlexPatch Dynamic Matrix  should not be used in any patient with mental or neurological conditions who is unwilling or incapable of following postoperative care instructions (e.g., patients who have certain mental health conditions that may make them inappropriate candidates for surgery).

In ankle surgery, Artelon Anchor is intended for use in soft tissue fixation to bone.

Artelon Anchor is not appropriate for patients with any active infection, blood supply limitations or other systemic conditions that may hinder healing (blood conditions that impact blood flow or other conditions that may slow the healing process), foreign body sensitivity (reaction to materials not found in the body), insufficient quality or quantity of bone, bone stock compromised by disease (bones weakened by disease), infection or prior implantation that cannot provide adequate support and/or fixation of the devices (infection or prior surgery with an implant that may prevent the device from being appropriately anchored to the body), or material sensitivity- documented or suspected (an adverse reaction to the device material).   Artelon Anchors are also not appropriate for patients who are unable or unwilling to follow their surgeon’s prescribed postoperative regimen (e.g., patients who have certain mental health conditions that may make them inappropriate candidates for surgery).

In ankle surgery, Synchfix EVT is intended for soft tissue and bone fixation for ankle syndesmosis disruptions (a tear of the ligaments above the ankle), with or without ankle fractures.  This device imay be used for soft tissue and bone fixation for additional support when other hardware products like screws or plates, are used in surgery to treat an ankle fracture. 

Synchfix EVT is not appropriate for patients with any active infection, compromised vascularity that would inhibit adequate blood supply to the fracture or the operative site (blood conditions that impact blood flow or other conditions that may slow the healing process), bone stock compromised by disease (bones weakened by disease), infection or prior implantation that cannot provide adequate support and / or fixation of the devices (infection or prior surgery with an implant that may prevent the device from being appropriately anchored to the body), material sensitivity- documented or suspected (an adverse reaction to the device material), patients having inadequate tissue coverage over the operative site, implant utilization that would interfere with anatomical structures or physiological performance (using the implant in a way that could affect nearby body structures or normal body function), any mental or neuromuscular disorder which would create an unacceptable risk of fixation failure or complications in postoperative care (e.g., patients who have certain mental health conditions that may make them inappropriate candidates for surgery), and/or other medical or surgical conditions which would preclude the potential benefit of surgery (as determined by the treating surgeon).

Any surgery has serious risks.  The risks associated with the previously mentioned products and/or procedures include but are not limited to infection, pain, swelling, and inflammation around the implant.  Certain implant-related risks which may lead to revision of the implant or additional surgeries include implant fracture (breakage), loosening, and/or dislocation (moving out of place). Additional risks include bone resorption (bone loss) or bone over-production (extra bone growth), allergic reaction to the implant materials, untoward histological responses possibly involving macrophages and/or fibroblasts (the body, including the body’s cells and tissues, may react abnormally to the implant over time), migration of particle wear debris possibly resulting in a bodily response (small pieces of the implant may wear off and migrate through the body resulting in a reaction), and embolism (blocked blood vessel).   Additionally, failure of the implant could occur. 

The information presented is for educational purposes only. Stryker is not dispensing medical advice. Please speak to your doctor to decide if surgery to treat your ankle sprain is appropriate for you. Only your doctor can make the medical decision about which products and treatments are right for your own individual condition. As with any surgery, surgery to treat your ankle sprain carries certain risks. Your surgeon will explain all the possible complications of the surgery, as well as side effects. Additionally, the lifetime of an implant is not infinite and varies with each individual. Also, each patient will experience a different post-operative activity level, depending on their own individual clinical factors. Your doctor will help counsel you about how to best maintain your activities to potentially prolong the lifetime of the device. It is important to closely follow your doctor's instructions regarding post-surgery activity, treatment and follow-up care.    

Stryker Corporation or its other divisions or other corporate affiliated entities own, use or have applied for the following trademarks or service marks: Artelon, Stryker, Synchfix, Wright. All other trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners or holders. 


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